Date:  2025-10-25

Article ID:  46333

In quantum field theory, the only known well-defined nonperturbative constructions of many important models involve discretizing space or spacetime. In flat space or spacetime, one common scheme uses a hypercubic lattice, which has the virtue of preserving a discrete version of exact translation symmetry. This article describes a more general discretization scheme that is useful when translation symmetry is either unimportant or absent in the nominal smooth space or spacetime.